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Methods and applications of DEA cross-efficiency: Review and future perspectives

Jie WU, Jiasen SUN, Liang LIANG

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2021, Volume 8, Issue 2,   Pages 199-211 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0133-1

Abstract: The field of engineering management usually involves evaluation issues, such as program selection, team performance evaluation, technology selection, and supplier evaluation. The traditional self-evaluation data envelopment analysis (DEA) method usually exaggerates the effects of several inputs or outputs of the evaluated decision-making unit (DMU), resulting in unrealistic results. To address this problem, scholars have proposed the cross-efficiency evaluation (CREE) method. Compared with the DEA method, CREE can rank DMUs more completely by using reasonable weights. With the extensive application of this technique, several problems, such as non-unique weights and non-Pareto optimal results, have arisen in CREE methods. Therefore, the improvement of CREE has attracted the attention of many scholars. This paper reviews the theory and applications of CREE, including the non-uniqueness problem, the aggregation of cross-efficiency data, and applications in engineering management. It also discusses the directions for future research on CREE.

Keywords： cross-efficiency evaluation     efficiency     secondary goal model     aggregation     review    

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Simple model of sludge thickening process in secondary settlers

Yuankai ZHANG,Hongchen WANG,Lu QI,Guohua LIU,Zhijiang HE,Songzhu JIANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 319-326 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0758-6

Abstract: In wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), a secondary settler acts as a clarifier, sludge thickener, andSludge thickening occurs in the lower portions of secondary clarifiers during their operation., by detecting the hindered zone from the complete thickening process of activated sludge, a simple modelThis empirical model was developed using batch settling data obtained from four WWTPs and validated using

Keywords： wastewater treatment plants     secondary settler     sludge thickening     sludge settling     hindered zone    

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Two-echelon Emergency Response Problem and Simulation Considering Secondary Disasters

Han-peng Zhang,Yi Liao,Hui-xia Luo

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2014, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 318-321 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014042

Abstract: is necessary for subsequent resource distribution planning that get expected relief time considering secondaryThe goal of this research is to develop a two-echelon emergency resource distribution model under conditionof secondary disasters.maximize relief time as criterion of relief performance, we developed response strategies and simulation model

Keywords： simulation     secondary disasters     two-echelon vehicle routing model    

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Study on Control Characteristics of a Secondary Regulated Loading System

Zhan Xingqun,Zhang Yanhua,Zhao Keding

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 7,   Pages 47-54

Abstract:

Secondary regulation is novel hydraulic transmission technology which possesses many outstanding advantagesResearches in secondary regulation technology will have no hesitation to enlarge the application scopeIn the paper, by modeling a secondary regulated torque loading system in detail, some nature dynamiccharacteristics of secondary regulation technology is analyzed.Finally, a computer control system of the secondary regulated loading equipment is established and several

Keywords： hydrostatic driving     secondary regulation     loading     mathematical model     dynamic characteristics    

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Mechanisms for simultaneous ozonation of sulfamethoxazole and natural organic matters in secondary effluent

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1368-0

Abstract:

• SMX was mainly degraded by hydrolysis, isoxazole oxidation and double-bond addition.

Keywords： Sulfamethoxazole     Ozonation     Natural organic matters     Secondary effluent     Degradation mechanism    

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Physical and chemical processes of wintertime secondary nitrate aerosol formation

Qi YING

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 348-361 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0343-1

Abstract: The UCD/CIT model was modified to include a process analysis (PA) scheme for gas and particulate matter(PM) to study the formation of secondary nitrate aerosol during a stagnant wintertime air pollutionSecondary nitrate is formed in the urban areas from near the ground to a few hundred meters above theThe secondary nitrate formation rate in rural areas is lower due to lower NO .reactions with water vapor and the N O heterogeneous reactions with particle-bound water are important for secondary

Keywords： secondary nitrate aerosol     N2O5 heterogeneous reaction     process analysis    

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Formation of secondary inorganic aerosol in a frigid urban atmosphere

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1452-0

Abstract:

•Harbin showed relatively high threshold RH (80%) for apparent increase of SOR.

Keywords： Haze     Sulfate     Nitrate     Heterogeneous chemistry     Biomass burning     Northeast China    

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PCDD/Fs emission, risk characterization, and reduction in China’s secondary copper production industry

Haiqian LI, Yonglong LU, Li LI

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 589-597 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0495-2

Abstract: Secondary copper production is one of the key polychlorinated dibenzo- -dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDIn 2004, when the Stockholm Convention entered into force in China, PCDD/Fs emissions from secondaryIn this paper, PCDD/Fs emission dynamics from secondary copper industry were discussed and cumulativeRiver Delta, Pearl River Delta and central regions were among the top three of dioxin emissions from secondaryFrom 2009 to 2015, the PCDD/Fs emission dynamics in the secondary copper industry were presented through

Keywords： polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs)     secondary copper production    

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Effects of different doses of cadmium on secondary metabolites and gene expression in Artemisia annua

Liangyun Zhou,Guang Yang,Haifeng Sun,Jinfu Tang,Jian Yang,Yizhan Wang,Thomas Avery Garran,Lanping Guo

Frontiers of Medicine 2017, Volume 11, Issue 1,   Pages 137-146 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0486-3

Abstract:

This study aims to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of artemisinin accumulation induced by cadmium (Cd). The effects of different Cd concentrations (0, 20, 60, and 120 μmol/L) on the biosynthesis of Artemisia annua L. were examined. Intermediate and end products were quantified by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. The expression of key biosynthesis enzymes was also determined by qRT-PCR. The results showed that the application of treatment with 60 and 120 μmol/L Cd for 3 days significantly improved the biosynthesis of artemisinic acid, arteannuin B, and artemisinin. The concentrations of artemisinic acid, arteannuin B, and artemisinin in the 120 μmol/L Cd-treated group were 2.26, 102.08, and 33.63 times higher than those in the control group, respectively. The concentrations of arteannuin B and artemisinin in 60 μmol/L Cd-treated leaves were 61.10 and 26.40 times higher than those in the control group, respectively. The relative expression levels of HMGR, FPS, ADS, CYP71AV1, DBR2, ALDH1, and DXR were up-regulated in the 120 μmol/L Cd-treated group because of increased contents of artemisinic metabolites after 3 days of treatment. Hence, appropriate doses of Cd can increase the concentrations of artemisinic metabolites at a certain time point by up-regulating the relative expression levels of key enzyme genes involved in artemisinin biosynthesis.

Keywords： Cd     secondary metabolites     gene expressions     Artemisia annua L.    

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Contemplation on China’s Energy-Development Strategies and Initiatives in the Context of its Carbon Neutrality Goal

Yinao Su, Houliang Dai, Lichun Kuang, Jizhen Liu, Dazhao Gu, Caineng Zou, Haixia Huang

Engineering 2022, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 154-154 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.03.002

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On the location of the secondary instantaneous poles in two-degree-of-freedom spherical mechanisms

Soheil ZARKANDI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2014, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 34-40 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0290-1

Abstract: This paper presents a theorem showing analytically that the locus of an unknown secondary instant pole

Keywords： spherical mechanisms     instantaneous poles     great circle     angular velocity    

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Optical performance analysis of an innovative linear focus secondary trough solar concentrating system

Xiliang ZHANG, Zhiying CUI, Jianhan ZHANG, Fengwu BAI, Zhifeng WANG

Frontiers in Energy 2019, Volume 13, Issue 3,   Pages 590-596 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0602-y

Abstract: To overcome those inherent disadvantages, in this paper, an innovative concept of linear focus secondaryBesides, the optical performance of the semi and the whole secondary solar trough concentrator was evaluated

Keywords： secondary parabolic trough solar concentrator     ray tracing method     linear focus     concentration ratio     optical    

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Relationship between the number of tapping-induced secondary laticifer lines and rubber yield among

Yueyi CHEN,Xinsheng GAO,Xiaofei ZHANG,Weimin TIAN

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 363-367 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016122

Abstract: The number of the secondary laticifers in the trunk bark tissues is positively correlated with rubberyear-old virgin trees from 7 cross combinations was compared with the number of newly differentiated secondaryResults showed that the number of tapping-induced lines of secondary laticifers varied in different germplasm

Keywords： Hevea brasiliensis     rubber yield breeding     early evaluation     tapping     secondary laticifer differentiation    

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A method for quantifying bias in modeled concentrations and source impacts for secondary particulate

Cesunica E. Ivey, Heather A. Holmes, Yongtao Hu, James A. Mulholland, Armistead G. Russell

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 5, doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0866-6

Abstract: A method for quantifying source impacts for secondary PM species is derived.Sources impacts on secondary species are estimated over the US for 20 sources.The methods presented here address model uncertainties by improving simulated concentrations and sourceimpacts of secondary particulate matter through data assimilation.Secondary-adjusted concentrations and source impacts from 20 emissions sources are generated for 2006

Keywords： Particulate matter     Source apportionment     Secondary particulate matter     Chemical transport modeling     Receptor    

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Effects of two transition metal sulfate salts on secondary organic aerosol formation in toluene/NO

Biwu CHU, Jiming HAO, Junhua LI, Hideto TAKEKAWA, Kun WANG, Jingkun JIANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 1,   Pages 1-9 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0476-x

Abstract: Aerosol phase reactions play a very important role on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation, and

Keywords： manganese sulfate     zinc sulfate     seed aerosols     toluene photooxidation     secondary organic aerosol    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Methods and applications of DEA cross-efficiency: Review and future perspectives

Jie WU, Jiasen SUN, Liang LIANG

Journal Article

Simple model of sludge thickening process in secondary settlers

Yuankai ZHANG,Hongchen WANG,Lu QI,Guohua LIU,Zhijiang HE,Songzhu JIANG

Journal Article

Two-echelon Emergency Response Problem and Simulation Considering Secondary Disasters

Han-peng Zhang,Yi Liao,Hui-xia Luo

Journal Article

Study on Control Characteristics of a Secondary Regulated Loading System

Zhan Xingqun,Zhang Yanhua,Zhao Keding

Journal Article

Mechanisms for simultaneous ozonation of sulfamethoxazole and natural organic matters in secondary effluent

Journal Article

Physical and chemical processes of wintertime secondary nitrate aerosol formation

Qi YING

Journal Article

Formation of secondary inorganic aerosol in a frigid urban atmosphere

Journal Article

PCDD/Fs emission, risk characterization, and reduction in China’s secondary copper production industry

Haiqian LI, Yonglong LU, Li LI

Journal Article

Effects of different doses of cadmium on secondary metabolites and gene expression in Artemisia annua

Liangyun Zhou,Guang Yang,Haifeng Sun,Jinfu Tang,Jian Yang,Yizhan Wang,Thomas Avery Garran,Lanping Guo

Journal Article

Contemplation on China’s Energy-Development Strategies and Initiatives in the Context of its Carbon Neutrality Goal

Yinao Su, Houliang Dai, Lichun Kuang, Jizhen Liu, Dazhao Gu, Caineng Zou, Haixia Huang

Journal Article

On the location of the secondary instantaneous poles in two-degree-of-freedom spherical mechanisms

Soheil ZARKANDI

Journal Article

Optical performance analysis of an innovative linear focus secondary trough solar concentrating system

Xiliang ZHANG, Zhiying CUI, Jianhan ZHANG, Fengwu BAI, Zhifeng WANG

Journal Article

Relationship between the number of tapping-induced secondary laticifer lines and rubber yield among

Yueyi CHEN,Xinsheng GAO,Xiaofei ZHANG,Weimin TIAN

Journal Article

A method for quantifying bias in modeled concentrations and source impacts for secondary particulate

Cesunica E. Ivey, Heather A. Holmes, Yongtao Hu, James A. Mulholland, Armistead G. Russell

Journal Article

Effects of two transition metal sulfate salts on secondary organic aerosol formation in toluene/NO

Biwu CHU, Jiming HAO, Junhua LI, Hideto TAKEKAWA, Kun WANG, Jingkun JIANG

Journal Article